Material for manufacturing paper collars and the like



Patented June 13, 1939 UNITED STATES MATERIAI; FOR MANUFACTURING PAPERCOLLARS AND THE LIKE Wilhelm Miiller and Adolf Closmann, Leipzig,'Germany, assignors to Atlas Ago Ohemische Fabrik, Aktien-Gesellschaft,Molkau, near Leipzig, Germany, a corporation oi Germany No Drawing.Application February 1'7 1936, Se-

rial N0. 64,343. In 1935 6 Claims.

The present invention relates to a material for manufacturing articlesof clothing and, more particularly, to-a material for manufacturingpaper collars and the like and to a process of preparing such material.

Heretofore, clothing, collars and the like made of a paper base couldnot successfully compete with the considerably more expensive linenclothing. The principal reason of the inadequacy of conventional papercollars and the like was that during their preparation and use theyquickly became brittle. Due to this brittleness the articles of clothingmade of a paper base developed cracks which accelerated theirdestruction by perspira- 15, tion and other externalinfiuences andcaused the articles to be quickly soiled and to become unsightly. Thus,the lower initial cost of paper articles of clothingwas more thanoutweighed by the cost of frequent replacement and by their poor andreadily recognizable cheap appearance.

Although the manufacture and sale of conventional paper collars and thelike survived, the scope of the industry remained a necessarilyrestricted one, in view of the fact that the public did not approve theconventional paper clothing articles and persons of particular tasterefused to use and to wear the same.

It has already been suggested to cover sheets of paper or of cardboardwith linen and to use the composite sheet provided in this manner forthe manufacture of collars and the like articles of clothing. Theprovision of a linen surface reduced the disadvantages of the paperarticle to a certain limited extent. On the other hand, however, the rawmaterials and the process of preparing these combined paper-linenarticles was costly so that the advantage of lowmanufacturing price wasin part destroyed. Although many other suggestions and proposals havebeen made from time to time and demonstrated the interest the art hastaken in the problem, none, as far as we are aware, of these varioussuggestions and proposals has been completely satisfactory andsuccessful when carried into practice on a commercial scale.

It has been discovered that the present problem may be solved in aremarkably simple manner.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composite materialor sheet for the manufacture of paper collars and the like articles ofclothing which is free from the disadvantages of conventional materialsand which does not develop'brittleness, breaks, cracks, and the likeduring processing and wearing.

It is another object of the present invention to Germany November 25,

provide a composite material of resilient and non-breaking charactercomprising a base and a covering layer of different mechanicalproperties which is capable of taking a linen-like exterior Other andfurther objects and advantages of r the present invention will becomeapparent from the following description.

. According to the principle of the invention, a. base of paper-likecharacter is provided" having relatively long fibres embedded thereinand which have a strong -tough character but are capable of yielding topressure without being permanently deformed and without incurringpermanent sets. A non-breaking and non-tearing covering layer isprovided on the base thus prepared which is firmly bonded to the base.It is preferred to provide a top layer on this composite sheet byineanso-f a cementitious agent such as glue, gelatinous material, alacquer, a film layer, or the like. It is also possible to reinforce, orto densify the upper half of this soft cardboard by means of asubsequent gluing or impregnation process of various character. As thoseskilled in the art know, this may be accomplished in a number ofdifferent ways. It is-essentiaLhowever, that a strong and dense coveringlayer should be provided on a relatively soft and yielding base. Thebending and breaking strength of the different layers constituting thematerial have to be different, more particularly, the external or upperlayer has to have the greater strength.

On two different paper-engines two cardboards are separately producedfrom long cellulosic fibres. These'cardboards must be clearlywhite. Theyarev sized and pressed in a different degree so that the one layer issofter and more yielding than the other which is strong and dense. The 2layers are united by means of an adhesive substance, preferably in sucha way" that the fibres of the 2 layers are crossed to each other. Thiscomposite sheet may now be impressed with a pattern of linen-likesurface formation. Thereafter it is coated with atop layer of lacquerwhich consists of a mixture comprising 10% nitrocellulose of highviscosity, 81% ethylacetate, 2% dibutylphthalate, 3% tributylphosphate,4% blown castor -oil. As a pigment or filler, titanium dioxide is addedin a quantity amounting to about 10 to of the total quantity of theabove mixture. When the coating is dried, collars may be stamped out ofthe material in such a form that they may be directly used as clothing.

The material is preferably used in a thickness of 0.25-0.55 mm.

The coating lacquer has the additional purpose of giving apure whiteor'colored finish to the article and of making the surface washable andresistant to perspiration. The lacquer has to contain such additionagents which permit binding of large amounts of a suitable pigmentwithout becoming fragile or brittle. This is necessary, because if thequantity of pigment embodiedis insufficient, the finished product has anundesirable "fatty gloss. Moreover, the lacquer has to be of a veryfirmly adhering and resilient character because if the lacquer isbrittle, it is incapable of-resisting to the stresses of sharp bendingwhich are unavoidable during preparation and use of the finishedarticle. The addition agents have to be of such character that they donot cause or promote yellowing or discoloration of the surface. It hasbeen found that tributyl phosphate, for example, is a very satisfactoryaddition agent.

As shown above in the preparation of the lacquer preferably a highlyviscous collodion cotton is used which provides a lacquer layer havingthe required mechanical properties. A lacquer prepared of collodion.cotton and of dibutylphthalate, tributyl phosphate, blown and titaniumoxide as addition and filling agents has been found to be especiallysatisfactory.

. In order to improve the linen-like surface appearance it is preferableto impress the sheet with a suitable pattern of linen-like characterafter it has been coated with a top layer of lacquer.

It is noted that according-to the principles of the'invention a materialfor manufacturing collars and the like articles is provided which in thefinished product or article cannot be distinguished from the real'linenarticle with regard to its appearance or wearing qualities.

It is also to be observed that collars made of the material preparedaccording to the princi ples of the invention have a strong, attractivesurfac formation comparative to that of linen which may be washed andwhich does not become rough or woolly in appearance.

It is also to be noted that the material according to the presentinvention is capable of being manufactured on a commercial andindustrial scale at a very low price andpermits the production ofcollars and similar articles which are capable of satisfying the mostexacting taste.

Although the present invention has been described and explained inconnection with a practical embodiment thereof manyvariations andmodifications are possible without departing from the principles of theinvention. All of these variations and modifications are considered tobe within the true spirit and scope of the lulosic material havingrelatively long fibres embedded therein forming the inner surface ofsaid collar, and a strong and dense fibrous celluloslc covering layerfirmly bonded to said base forming the outer surface of said collar,said collar being free from brittleness and being adapted to besubjected to sharp bending without wrinkling and cracking.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a paper collar and the like havingan appearance closely similar to that of linen collars and being freefrom brittleness and telltale wrinkles characteristic of conventionalpaper collars comprising a resiliently yielding fibrous cellulosic baseforming the inner surface of said collar, and a covering layer offibrous cellulosic character firmly bonded to said base forming theouter surface of said collar and having substantially greater strengththan said base, the fibres of said base and of said covering layer beingcrossedto each other, said collar being free from brittleness and beingadapted to be subjected to sharp bending without wrinkling and cracking.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a paper collar having an appearanceclosely similar to that of linen collars and being free from brittlenessand telltale wrinkles characteristic of concollar having an appearanceclosely similar to.

that of linen collars and being free from brittleness and telltalewrinkles characteristic of conventional paper collars comprising a bodyconsisting of a base of relatively soft and resiliently yielding fibrouscellulosic material forming the inner surface of said collar, a strongand dense fibrous cellulosic covering layer bonded to said base formingthe outer surface of said collar, and a top layer of lacquer on saiddense covering layer and having a firmly adhering and resilientcharacterand containing an addition agent which permits binding of large amountsof a suitable pigment without becoming brittle, said collar being freefrom brittleness and being adapted to be subjected to sharp bendingwithout wrinkling and cracking.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a paper collar having an appearanceclosely similar to that of linen collars. and being free frombrittleness and telltale wrinkles characteristic of conventional papercollars comprising a body consisting of a relatively soft and yieldingfibrous cellulosic base forming the inner surface of said collar, astrong and dense fibrous celluloslc' covering layer bonded to said baseforming the outer surface of said collar, and a top layer of lacquer onsaid dense covering layer and consisting of a base of collodioncontaining tributyl phos-- phate, a blown oil and titanium oxide asaddition and, filling agents, said collar being free from brittlenessand being adapted to be subjected to sharp bending without wrinkling andcracking.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a paper collar having an appearanceclosely similar to therein forming the inner surface of said collar,

a strong and dense fibrous cellulosic covering layer firmly bonded tosaid base forming the outer surface of said collar, the fibers of saidbase and of said covering layer being crossed to each other, and a toplayer of lacquer on said dense covering layer having a cellulose esterbase im-' pressed with a pattern of linen-like surface formation, said'collar being free from brittleness and being adapted to be subjected tosharp bending without wrinkling and cracking.

WILHELM MiimER. ADOLF CLOSMANN.

